Winter weather can wreak havoc on our plans and disrupt our routines, which can be stressful for any of us. But when someone in your household has a developmental disability or behavioral health concerns, snowstorms can bring extra challenges.

Changes in routine, power outages, limited access to medications or services, sensory disruptions, and isolation can all take a toll on physical and emotional well-being.

The good news: A little planning can go a long way. Preparing ahead of time can reduce anxiety and help to provide stability in a storm.

An extra set of challenges

Winter storms do more than disrupt travel and interrupt work or school—they disrupt routines, supports, and access to care.

For some individuals:

• Changes in routine can cause distress or behavioral challenges.

• Power outages may affect medical devices, communication tools, heating, or access to calming activities.

• Limited transportation can interrupt therapy, treatment, support groups, or medication refills.

• Isolation can worsen symptoms of depression, anxiety, or substance use cravings.

• Sensory changes (sirens, wind, darkness, cold, crowded shelters) can feel overwhelming.

Identify the potential issues early and work to mitigate them before the first snowflakes fall

Before the Storm

1. Make a Personalized Emergency Plan

There is a lot of information about generalized emergency plans, but they can ignore the unique challenges you face. Create a plan that works for your situation by asking yourself these questions:

• Which routines are most important to preserve?
• What supports or services might be disrupted?
• What does my loved one need to feel safe and regulated?

Make a list of emergency contacts, medical providers, preferred calming strategies, communication needs, accommodations, accessible transportation options, backup caregivers, and necessary paperwork (for example, guardianship papers, health records, insurance cards, or details about benefits and supports).

Make sure copies of this list/plan are accessible. Share them with trusted family members, neighbors, or support workers.

2. Prepare an Emergency Kit

Start with the standard emergency supplies: flashlights, batteries, water, non-perishable food, radio, blankets, hand warmers, first aid kit, cell phone charger, etc.

Then, add items that will support emotional and behavioral stability:

• Medications (at least several days’ supply if possible)

• Comfort or sensory items (weighted blankets, fidget tools, noise-canceling headphones)

• Printed coping strategies or visual schedules

• Charged devices and power banks

• Activities that help pass time and reduce stress (books, puzzles, art supplies)

Some other helpful things to include:

• A list of important contacts
• Supplies for a support animal if needed
• Laminated cards with phrases/pictures for communicating if an augmentative device is used
• Noise-cancelling headphones or ear plugs
• Extra mobility devices such as canes or walkers

If you are in recovery for substance use disorders, it may be helpful to include a phone numbers for sponsors, support lines, and/or support groups; information about virtual meetings; and a written list of reminders for staying sober during stressful times.

3. Plan for Medication and Treatment Access

Winter storms can make it hard to get to pharmacies or appointments.

• Refill prescriptions early when storms are forecast.

• Ask providers about backup plans or telehealth options.

• Keep a written list of medications, dosages, and prescribing providers.

• If someone receives injections or time-sensitive treatment, ask their provider what to do if appointments are delayed.

4. Talk About the Storm—In a Way That Makes Sense

For some individuals, uncertainty is more upsetting than the storm itself.

• Explain what might happen using clear, simple, and accurate language.

• Use visual supports and/or social stories if helpful. (Here is a website with free social stories about weather events and here is a general storm social story, that talks about wind but not snow.)

• Reassure them about what will stay the same—and what supports are in place.

Avoid overwhelming details, and check in often to see what questions or fears come up.

During the Storm

Keep Routines When Possible

When the world outside feels chaotic, routines provide comfort.

• Try to maintain regular meal times, sleep schedules, and daily activities.

• Create a simple “storm day routine” so everyone knows what to expect.

• Be flexible—doing “good enough” is okay.

Watch for Signs of Distress

• Increased anxiety, irritability, or withdrawal

• Changes in sleep or appetite

• Escalation of symptoms or cravings

• Behavioral changes or sensory overload

Respond with patience and compassion. If possible, use familiar coping strategies and give extra reassurance.

Stay Connected

Isolation can make everything feel heavier.

• Check in regularly with friends, family, or support networks by phone or text.

• Use virtual therapy sessions or online support groups if available.

• Encourage connection without pressure—sometimes just knowing support is there helps.

After the Storm

Ease Back into Routines

Once the storm passes, it may take time to return to normal.

• Reintroduce routines gradually.

• Expect some emotional “aftershocks”—fatigue, irritability, or sadness are common.

• Celebrate small wins, like getting through the storm safely.

Reflect and Adjust Your Plans (if needed)

After things settle, consider:

• What worked well?

• What was a surprise?

• What was harder than expected?

• What would you change next time?

Update your emergency plan so you’re even better prepared in the future.

Resources/Learn More:

• Winter Preparedness for People with Disabilities
• Mental Health Expert Offers Tips to Manage Storm-Related Anxiety
• Ready.gov resources for people with disabilities
• American Red Cross: Winter Storm Preparedness
• Winter Preparedness: Mental Health and Substance Use Resources